RS-422标准是一种以平衡方式传输的标准，即双端发送和双端接收，根据两条传输线之间的电位差值来决定逻辑状态。RS-422电路由发送器、平衡连接电缆、电缆终端负载和接收器组成。它通过平衡发送器和差动接收器将逻辑电平和电位差之间进行转换
选用MAXIM公司的MAX202实现RS-232与TTL之间的电平转换。MAX202内部有电压倍增电路和转换电路，仅需+5V电源就可工作，使用十分方便；选用MAX490实现RS-485与TTL之间的转换。每片MAX490有一对发送器/接收器，由于通信采用全双工方式，故需两片MAX490，另外只需外接4只电容即可。
PLC的RS-422接口配接DB-25型连接器，而PC机一般用DB-9型连接器。硬件电路图如图1所示。
将RS-232的RS、CS短接，这样对计算机发送数据来说，PLC总是处于就绪状态。也就是说，计算机在任何时候都可以将数据送到PLC内。又由于DR、ER交叉连接，因此，对计算机接收数据来说，必须等待至PLC处于准备就绪状态。
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