PLC之间的通讯网络是各厂家专用的，PLC与计算机之间的通讯，一些生产厂家采用工业标准总线，并向标准通讯协议靠拢，这将使不同机型的PLC之间、PLC与计算机之间可以方便地进行通讯与联网。
了解了PLC的基本结构，我们在购买程控器时就有了一个基本配置的概念，做到既经济又合理，尽可能发挥PLC所提供的佳功能。
基本指令系统特点
PLC的编程语言与一般计算机语言相比，具有明显的特点，它既不同于语言，也不同与一般的汇编语言，它既要满足易于编写，又要满足易于调试的要求。目前，还没有一种对各厂家产品都能兼容的编程语言。如三菱公司的产品有它自己的编程语言，OMRON公司的产品也有它自己的语言。但不管什么型号的PLC，其编程语言都具有以下特点：
1.图形式指令结构：程序由图形方式表达，指令由不同的图形符号组成，易于理解和记忆。系统的软件开发者已把工业控制中所需的独立运算功能编制成象征图形，用户根据自己的需要把这些图形进行组合，并填入适当的参数。在逻辑运算部分，几乎所有的厂家都采用类似于继电器控制电路的梯形图，很容易接受。如西门子公司还采用控制系统流程图来表示，它沿用二进制逻辑元件图形符号来表达控制关系，很直观易懂。较复杂的算术运算、定时计数等，一般也参照梯形图或逻辑元件图给予表示，虽然象征不如逻辑运算部分，也受用户欢迎
2.明确的变量常数：图形符相当于操作码，规定了运算功能，操作数由用户填人，如：K400，T120等。PLC中的变量和常数以及其取值范围有明确规定，由产品型号决定，可查阅产品目录手册。
3.简化的程序结构：PLC的程序结构通常很简单，典型的为块式结构，不同块完成不同的功能，使程序的调试者对整个程序的控制功能和控制顺序有清晰的概念。
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