PLC的应用领域也很广泛,覆盖冶金、电力、化工、石油化工、机械、轻工、电子、电工、建材水泥等工业,以及现代农业机械和其它应用。近年来环保工业也有广泛应用,发展势头很猛。
在国内有一支庞大的PLC销售、服务、应用、系统集成队伍,遍布除西藏外的全国各地。
有充足的理由说:PLC在中国已成为工业控制的一种适用技术。因此,PLC、软PLC以及IEC 61131-3的发展,无可争辩地成了十分令人关注的事情。
IEC 61131国际标准在中国
1992年以后,可编程序控制器国际标准IEC 61131的各个部分陆续公布施行。中国的工业过程测量和控制标准化委员会按与IEC国际标准等效的原则,组织翻译出版工作。于1995年12月29日以GB/T 15969.1,15969.2,15969.3,15969.4颁布了PLC的国家标准。该标准只涉及IEC 61131的、第二、第三和第四部分,没有纳入1995年以后出版的第五部分通信、第七部分模糊控制编程软件工具、第八部分IEC 61131-3语言的实现导则。
自标准颁布之后,并没有产生很大的影响。原因在于:中国不存在真正像样的PLC制造业;在中国国内有影响的PLC品牌并不积极推介;包括该标准的主管部门在内,很少有组织的推进活动。直到1998年以后,由于IEC 61131-3在国际控制业界的影响越来越大,在中国国内有影响的PLC品牌开始提及自身品牌符合或兼容IEC 61131-3;若干新推出的DCS系统也公开宣称,符合或兼容IEC 61131-3。
人们才关注这个标准。在有关杂志上有专文介绍该标准的制订背景、重要性、标准的主要内容。中国机电一体化技术应用协会组织翻译了两名德国作者Karl-Heinz John和Miachael Tiegelkamp写的专著:”IEC 61131-3:工业自动化系统的程序编制”。现已由该协会内部发行。近,中国机电一体化技术应用协会(CAMETA)与以开发基于IEC 61131-3的编程系统称著的德国KW公司远东总经理Robert Champoud先生合作,组织协调有关IEC 61131项目的研讨会活动,得到Siemens、Phoenix、富士电机的大力支持。这对于促进它的推广,有着深远的意义。
软PLC在中国
所谓软PLC实际就是在PC机的平台上、在Windows操作环境下,用软件来实现PLC的功能。此概念大约在1996年以后才被介绍到国内来。由于这种技术尚不成熟,所以只有在学术界少数人对此关注。尽管Interllution和Wonderware的HMI和SCADA软件在我国推广都很成功,但它们的软逻辑、软PLC产品P-31和InControl却少有人问津。当然,这两家公司也不曾刻意去开发这个市场。
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