你也许听过太多的这个词:“死机”,大致的意思是工作量过大,内部资源不足等情况造成程序无法运行。PLC也有类似的情况,在PLC内部有一个WDT,我们可以设置WDT一个程序运行的时间,当程序运行过程中出现程序跳转错误时或者程序繁忙时,程序的运行时间超过WDT的设置时间,转而WDT复位状态。程序重新开始运行,但对中断不会进行破坏。
PLC的发展已经从单一的模式进入了通信的网络时代,并同其它的工控网板和I/O卡板轻易的进行共享。组态软件可以将所有的这些硬件连接起来,通过更直观的动画图片来进行控制,并可以通过互联网在异地进行控制,像神舟五号的发射就是采用这种办法来使飞船升空。
更高层次的发展需要我们不断的努力来取得。PLC的出现已经足足影响了几代人,我们也从上一辈的经验中获取了更多的知识和教训,来不断的发展PLC技术,将它推向更高浪潮。
1.1、PLC历史简述:
60年代以前,汽车生产流水线的自动控制系统基本上都是由继电器控制装置构成。当时汽车的每一次改型都直接导致继电器控制装置的重新设计和安装。随着生产的发展,汽车型号更新周期愈来愈短,这样,继电器控制装置就需要经常地重新设计和安装,十分费时,费工,费料,甚至阻碍了更新周期的缩短。为了改变这一现状,美国通用汽车公司在1969年公开招标,要求用新的控制装置取代继电器控制装置,并提出了的十项招标指标,即:
这十条中的大多数直到仍然是PLC的基础定义(除了第7条输入可以是交流115V,目前已被DC24V替代)。
1969年,美国数字设备公司(DEC)研制出台PLC,在美国通用汽车自动装配线上试用,获得了成功。这种新型的工业控制装置以其简单易懂,操作方便,可靠性高,通用灵活,体积小,使用寿命长等一系列优点,很快地在美国其他工业领域推广应用。到1971年,已经成功地应用于食品饮料冶金造纸等工业。
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