PLC的诊断功能包括硬件和软件的诊断。硬件诊断通过硬件的逻辑判断确定硬件的故障位置，软件诊断分内诊断和外诊断。通过软件对PLC内部的性能和功能进行诊断是内诊断，通过软件对PLC的与外部输入输出等部件信息交换功能进行诊断是外诊断。
PLC的诊断功能的强弱，直接影响对操作和维护人员技术能力的要求，并影响平均维修时间。
(六)处理速度
PLC采用扫描方式工作。从实时性要求来看，处理速度应越快越好，如果信号持续时间小于扫描时间，则PLC将扫描不到该信号，造成信号数据的丢失。
处理速度与用户程序的长度、处理速度、软件质量等有关。目前，PLC接点的响应快、速度高，每条二进制指令执行时间约0.2～0.4Ls，因此能适应控制要求高、相应要求快的应用需要。扫描周期（处理器扫描周期）应满足：小型PLC的扫描时间不大于0.5ms/K；大中型PLC的扫描时间不大于0.2ms/K。
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